NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON RAW MILK
Foreword
QCVN 01-186: 2017/BNNPTNT is prepared by the National Technical Regulation Drafting Committee, submitted by the Department of Livestock Production for approval and promulgated together with the Circular No. 29/2017/TT-BNNPTNT dated December 29, 2017 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON RAW MILK
1.1. Scope
This Regulation provides for quality and food safety indicators and regulatory requirements for raw milk.
1.2. Regulated entities
This Regulation applies to raw milk producers and traders possessing an enterprise registration certificate in Vietnam and related agencies.
1.3. Definition
“raw milk” in this Regulation means fluid milk obtained from cows, buffalo, goats, sheepwithout either addition to it or extraction from it, not processed by any method and used as an ingredient for processing.
2.1. Organoleptic indicators and physico-chemical indicators
Organoleptic indicators and physico-chemical indicators of raw milk are provided in the Appendix A to this Regulation.
2.2. Somatic cell count threshold
The somatic cell count in 1 ml of milk shall not exceed 1 000 000 cells.
2.3. Bacterial count
The maximum bacterial count in raw milk is provided in the Appendix B to this Regulation.
2.4. Mycotoxins (Aflatoxin M1)
The maximum limit of Aflatoxin M1 in raw milk is 0.5 µg/kg of milk.
2.5. Heavy metals
The maximum limits of heavy metals in raw milk are provided in the Appendix C to this Regulation.
2.6. Veterinary drug residues
The maximum limits of veterinary drug residues in raw milk shall comply with the Circular No. 24/2013/TT-BYT dated August 14, 2013 of the Ministry of Health providing for maximum levels of veterinary drug residues in food.
2.7. Pesticide residues
The maximum limits of pesticide residues in raw milk shall comply with the Circular No. 50/2016/TT-BYT dated December 30, 2016 of the Ministry of Health providing for maximum levels of pesticide residues in food.
2.8. Requirements for storage and transport
2.8.1. Storage
Raw milk shall be stored at 2 °C to 6 °C using stainless food refrigeration equipment and instruments which can protect milk from contamination; quality and food safety shall be also ensured during the storage.
2.8.2. Transport
Raw milk shall be transported using stainless food refrigeration equipment and instruments which can protect milk from contamination; quality and food safety shall be also ensured during the transport.
2.9. Test methods
The test methods applied are specified in the Appendix D to this Regulation or the test methods with equivalent accuracy may be adopted.Where it is necessary to check any indicator for which a test method is unavailable in this Regulation, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development shall decide a test method according to recognized test method.
3.1. Conformity assessment
3.1.1. The assessment of conformity with this Regulation for raw milk producers and traders shall be carried out using Method 5 specified in the Circular No. 28/2012/TT-BKHCN dated December 12, 2012 of the Ministry of Science and Technology on declaration of standard conformity and technical-regulation conformity and methods for assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations.
3.1.2. Any facility that purchases or stores raw milk for commercial purpose shall carry out conformity assessment using Method 1 specified in the Circular No. 28/2012/TT-BKHCN dated December 12, 2012 of the Ministry of Science and Technology on declaration of standard conformity and technical-regulation conformity and methods for assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations.
3.1.3. Any certification body that carries out conformity assessment and testing serving such conformity certification shall obtain registration as prescribed in the Government’s Decree No. 107/2016/ND-CP dated July 01, 2016 and be designated by a competent authority.
3.2. Conformity declaration
The raw milk producers and traders mentioned in 1.2 must declare conformity of raw milk with the provisions set out in this Regulation and register conformity thereof at provincial Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development where their production and business is registered.
4.1. The raw milk producers and traders mentioned in 1.2 shall certify conformity or carry out self-assessment and declare conformity in accordance with the Circular No. 28/2012/TT-BKHCN dated December 12, 2012 of the Minister of Science and Technology on declaration of standard conformity and technical-regulation conformity and methods for assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations and Circular No. 02/2017/TT-BKHCN dated March 31, 2017 of the Minister of Science and Technology on amendments to some Articles of the Circular No. 28/2012/TT-BKHCN dated December 12, 2012 of the Minister of Science and Technology on declaration of standard conformity and technical-regulation conformity and methods for assessment of conformity with standards and technical regulations and prevailing legal documents.
4.2. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development shall assign the Department of Livestock Production to preside over and cooperate with relevant units in disseminating and providing guidelines for implementation of this Technical Regulation and designate conformity assessment service providers to assess the conformity with this Technical Regulation.
4.3. Where any of the provisions specified in this Regulation is changed, added or replaced, the provisions set out in the newest documents issued by competent authorities shall prevail.
Where Vietnam is a signatory to a bilateral or multilateral agreement that contains provisions different from those under this Regulation, the former shall prevail./.
ORGANOLEPTIC INDICATORS AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF RAW MILK
A.1. Organoleptic indicators
No. | Indicator | Requirement |
1. | Color | From milky white to light cream. |
2. | Taste and smell | Taste and smell inherent in natural milk |
3. | Consistency | Homogeneous liquid |
4. | Foreign impurities visible to the naked eye | Not found |
A.2. Physico-chemical indicators
No. | Indicator | Unit | Maximum level | Indicator category |
1. | Dry matter content | % | ≥ 11,5 | A |
2. | Fat content | % | ≥ 3,2 | A |
3. | Protein content | % | ≥ 2,7 | A |
4. | Density at 20 °C | g/ml | ≥ 1,026 | A |
5. | Titratable acidity | °T | 16 to 21 | A |
6. | Freezing point | °C | - 0,50 to - 0,58 | A |
* Category A: tests are required for assessment of conformity.
MAXIMUM BACTERIAL COUNT IN RAW MILK
No. | Indicator | Maximum permissible limit CFU/ml | Indicator category | |||
n | c | m | M |
| ||
1. | Total aerobic plate count at 30 °C | 3 x 106 | A | |||
2. | Staphylococcus aureus bacteria count | 5 | 2 | 500 | 2 000 | A |
Notes: - n: Number of sample units to be taken from a given lot. - c: Maximum number of sample units yielding results between m and M, unsatisfactory if total number of sample units yielding results between m and M exceed c. - m: Limit below which all results are considered satisfactory and beyond which the results are considered satisfactory or unsatisfactory. - M: Maximum limit which no samples are allowed to exceed. - Category A: tests are required for assessment of conformity. | ||||||
MAXIMUM LIMITS OF HEAVY METALS IN RAW MILK
No. | Indicator | Maximum limit mg/kg | Indicator category 1) |
1. | Lead content | 0,02 | A |
1) Category A: tests are required for assessment of conformity.
No. | Indicator | Test method * |
1. | Dry matter content | TCVN 8082:2013 (ISO 6731:2010) Milk, cream and evaporated milk - Determination of total solids content (Reference method) |
2. | Fat content | TCVN 6508:2011 (ISO 1211:2010) Milk – Determination of fat content – Gravimetric method (Reference method) |
3. | Protein content | TCVN 7774:2007 (ISO 5542:1984) Milk – Determination of protein content – Amido black dye-binding method (Routine method) TCVN 8099-1:2015 (ISO 8968-1:2014) Milk and milk products - Determination of nitrogen content - Part 1: Kjeldahl principle and crude protein calculation. TCVN 8099-5:2009 (ISO 8968-5:2001) Milk - Determination of nitrogen content - Part 5: Determination of protein-nitrogen content |
4. | Density at 20 °C | TCVN 7405:2009 Raw fresh milk |
5. | Titratable acidity | AOACOfficial Method 947.05 Acidity of Milk. Titrimetric Method |
6. | Freezing point | TCVN 7085:2011 (ISO 5764:2009) Milk - Determination of freezing point - Thermistor cryoscope method (Reference method) |
7. | Somatic cells | TCVN 6686-1: 2009 (ISO 13366-1: 2008) Milk – Enumeration of somatic cells – Part 1: Microscopic method (Reference method) |
8. | Aflatoxin M1 content | TCVN 6685: 2009 (ISO 14501: 2007) Milk and milk powder - Determination of aflatoxin M1 content - Clean-up by immunoaffinity chromatography and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography |
9. | Total aerobic plate count at 30 °C | TCVN 10562:2015 Foodstuffs - Enumeration of aerobic plate count using PetrifilmTM count plate TCVN 4884-1:2015 (ISO 4833-1:2013) Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the enumeration of microorganisms - Part 1: Colony count at 30 °C by the pour plate technique TCVN 4884-2:2015 (ISO 4833-2:2013) Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the enumeration of microorganisms - Part 2: Colony count at 30 °C by the surface plating technique TCVN 7923:2008 Foodstuffs - Determination of total aerobic count - Hydrophobic grid membrane filter method |
10. | Staphylococcus aureus bacteria count | TCVN 4830-1: 2005 (ISO 6888-1: 1999, With Amd. 1:2003) Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) - Part 1: Technique using Baird-Parker agar medium TCVN 4830-2: 2005 (ISO 6888-2: 1999, With Amd. 1:2003) Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) - Part 2: Technique using rabbit plasma fibrinogen agar medium TCVN 4830-3: 2005 (ISO 6888-3: 1999, With Amd. 1:2003) Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) - Part 3: Detection and MPN technique for low numbers |
11. | Lead content | TCVN 8099-1:2015 (ISO 8968-1:2014) Milk and milk products - Determination of lead content - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method TCVN 7602:2007 Foodstuffs – Determination of lead content by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method TCVN 8126:2009 Foods - Determination of lead, cadmium, zinc, copper, and iron-Atomic absorption spectrophotometry after microwave digestion TCVN 10643:2014 Foodstuffs - Determination of lead, cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc - Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method after dry ashing TCVN 8126:2009 Foodstuffs - Determination of trace elements - Determination of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in foodstuffs by inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after pressure digestion |
* The above test methods or newest versions of the above test methods or test methods that have been proven equivalent to the newest versions of the above methods may be applied.